A Publication of the Department of Psychology, Nnamdi Azikiwe Univeristy, Awka, Anambra State
Knowledge of Baby Sex Selection and Ante Partum Psychological Distress Among Expectant Mothers
This study explores the relationship of knowledge about baby sex selection, antepartum psychological distress, and the moderating role of resilience among expectant mothers. A sample of 297 participants from the University of Nigeria Medical Centre and Bishop Shannahan Hospital Nsukka was analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. The participants represented diverse employment statuses, trimesters, educational backgrounds, and pregnancy experiences. Notably, the majority were Igbo, reflecting the regional context. The study utilized the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) to assess resilience and the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) to assess antepartum psychological distress. Results indicated that neither control variables nor knowledge of sex selection correlated with antepartum psychological distress. However, knowledge of sex selection and resilience independently predicted lower antepartum psychological distress. Intriguingly, a significant interaction effect emerged between knowledge of sex selection and resilience, indicating a nuanced relationship impacting antepartum psychological distress. This study contributes valuable insights into the dynamics between knowledge of sex selection, resilience, and psychological distress during pregnancy. The findings suggest potential avenues for clinical applications and emphasize the need for further research in this area. Understanding how these factors interact can inform interventions that enhance maternal well-being and family relationships during this crucial life stage.
Copyright (c) 2026 Practicum Psychologia
Perceived Political Marginalization and Political Trust as Predictors of Political Participation
The study explored the predictive roles of perceived political marginalization and political trust on political participation, with resilience as a potential moderator, among Nigerian youths. A total of 204 undergraduate students (98 males and 82 females), aged 18–30 years (M = 23.35, SD = 5.06), from Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ebonyi State, participated in the study using a survey design. Data were collected through standardized instruments: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Political Trust Scale, Political Marginalization Scale, and Political Participation Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that political trust significantly predicted political participation (β = .15, p < .001), while political marginalization and resilience did not show significant predictive effects. Furthermore, resilience did not moderate the relationships between either political marginalization or political trust and political participation. Gender and age were significant predictors, with male gender negatively related and increasing age positively related to political participation. The findings suggest that trust in political institutions enhances civic engagement among young Nigerians, while resilience alone may not buffer the effects of political disenchantment. Implications for democratic governance and youth political inclusion in Nigeria are discussed.
Distribution Patterns of Methamphetamine in Anaocha LGA, Anambra State, Nigeria
This research examined the distribution patterns of crystal methamphetamine in Anaocha LGA, Anambra State, Nigeria. The study adopted two research objectives which guided the study. The first objective was to identify the lower distribution channels of crystal methamphetamine while the second objective looked at the higher distribution channels of crystal methamphetamine in Anaocha LGA. Two theories were reviewed in the study which are the rational choice theory and the transgressive behavioral theory. The rational choice theory was the most suitable for the research and was therefore adopted as the theoretical framework. Mixed methods research design was used in the study. A sample size of 390 respondents was chosen for the study using the multi-stage sampling technique. Questionnaire schedule and in-depth interview guide were the quantitative and qualitative instruments respectively used to collect data in the study. The quantitative data were processed using statistical package for social science software (SPSS) and were analysed using frequency distribution tables, percentage & charts. Findings from the study show that hand-to-hand is the most common lower distribution pattern while airports were identified as the most common higher distribution pattern of crystal meth in Anaocha LGA. The study recommends among others that cutting off the supply chains from the various entry and manufacturing points within and outside the country is the most effective measure to prevent distribution of crystal meth in Anaocha LGA.
Although parental involvement, coping strategies, and psychological meaningfulness are widely acknowledged as key influences in youth development, limited empirical work has examined their roles within African educational contexts. We investigated the moderating roles of coping strategies, and PsyM in the relationship between parental involvement (PI) and career decision-making (CDM) among high school students. Four hundred and ninety-five (495) students (males: n = 255, 51.5%; females: n = 240, 48.5%; mean age = 16.5 years, SD = 1.7) were drawn from five Nigerian secondary schools using a cross-sectional design and convenience sampling approach. Participants completed the Parental Involvement Scale, the Brief COPE Inventory, the meaningfulness domain of The Meaning and Purpose Scales (MAPS), and the Career Decision-Making Scale. Results revealed that PI did not predict CDM among high school students. However, problem-focused coping was positively associated with CDM, whereas emotion-focused and avoidance coping were negatively associated with CDM in this population. PsyM did not predict career decision making. Furthermore, neither the coping strategies domains nor PsyM moderated the relationship between PI and career decision making in this group. Interventions aimed at enhancing CDM among high school students may benefit from strengthening problem-focused coping while addressing reliance on emotion-focused and avoidance strategies.
Socio-Political and Economic Determinants of Extra-Judicial Killings by Law Enforcement Agents in South-East, Nigeria
The study investigated the socio-political and economic determinants of extra-judicial killings in South-East, Nigeria. Extra-judicial killing is a serious issue that haunts the operational practice of different security agencies in the country and it refers to any death caused by a law enforcement authority without following the legal rules or due judicial process. The social disorganization theory was adopted as the theoretical framework for the study. The study employed the sequential mixed methods research design and the sample size of 1051 was statistically determined using Fisher’s statistical method while the study participants include the town union members and self-employed youths resident in South-East Nigeria. Questionnaire and In-Depth Interview (IDI) Guide were the major instruments for data collection. The quantitative data collected were processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20 software and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts and simple percentages while manual content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The study found that illiteracy and lack of professionalism among security agents are major determinants of extra-judicial killings. The study also found that poverty among children of the deceased and financial strain from legal bills are the economic consequences of the phenomenon, while grief, pain and the distrust of law enforcement agents are the psychological consequences of extra-judicial killings in South-East, Nigeria. This study strongly recommends that university graduates should be considered as the minimum and prioritized during the recruitment process as the educational background of the officers plays a key role in determining how they discharge their duties. Also, the Nigerian Police Commission should strictly investigate and sanction erring officers as this would serve as a deterrent to other officers and re-emphasize the need to adhere to the law and guidelines of the Police Act as enshrined in the Constitution.
Assessment of Wellbeing and Children Understanding of Hygiene Protocols Using hand-washing pictorial measure
Regular hand washing is a normative lifestyle that is intricately related to the overall well-being of individuals, with special importance among African children. This practice is capable of driving wellbeing. Handwashing is a hygiene protocol that is expected to be inculcated and carried out regularly by everybody. The importance of regular hand washing is enormous because it prevents diarrhea, viral infectious diseases, and other related ailments. This may account for the adoption of regular handwashing as a global approach for the containment of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the importance of hand-washing on well-being, the authors adopted an exploratory survey design to assess children's understanding of hand-washing among 300 kindergarten pupils between the ages of 5 and 7 years, with a M = 6 and SD = 2.1. Their genders consisted of boys (145, 45%) and girls (155, 55%). The Hand-washing Pictorial Measure was utilized for assessment, and five questions were asked, namely: (1) What is the child in the picture doing? (2) Why does the child in the picture doing it? (3) How does the child in the picture feel? (4) Have you ever felt that way? (5) What do you think will happen next? The qualitative results showed that 295 participants recognized and described activities in the picture while 3 were ambivalent, and 2 did not recognize it. The quantitative results showed that the scale provided adequate psychometric properties required for assessment. The instrument yielded acceptable psychometric parameters.
Differential effects of mindfulness in the association between psychological distress and coping among undergraduate students
The outcomes of the recently concluded 2023 election in Nigeria have had a profound impact on the psychological well-being of Nigerians, especially undergraduate students who made up the largest group of voters. The study explored how mindfulness influences the relationship between psychological distress and coping among undergraduate students. Participants completed assessments of dispositional mindfulness, psychological distress, and coping. Pearson correlation and Hayes’ Process Macro were used to analyze the relationships and interaction effects among the study variables. Results showed that psychological distress was not linked to coping, while mindfulness was related to coping. Additionally, mindfulness moderated the relationship between psychological distress and coping among undergraduates. These findings highlight the potential of mindfulness as a counseling intervention to help students improve their coping skills during times of distress.
Relationship between Perceived Knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Health Seeking Behaviour in Omambala Area of Anambra State
The study investigated the relationship between perceived knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk and health seeking behaviour in Omambala Area of Anambra State. A total number of 131 patients drawn from Omambala Area (Umueri General Hospital and Immaculate Heart Multispecialty Hospital, Aguleri) Anambra East Local Government Area, were used in the study. The study utilized non-probability (purposive sampling technique) in selecting the hospitals and participants. The participants’ age ranged from 45 to 79 years with mean age of 64.08 and standard deviation of 9.66. Gender data revealed that 33(25.2%) were males and 98(74.8%) were females. Awareness of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Questionnaire and Health Seeking Behavior scale were employed for the study. The study adopted correlational design and Multiple Linear Regression statistics. Results showed that perceived knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk dimensions such as perceived risk of heart attack/stroke at (F11, 119) β= .46, t = 7.07, and perceived benefits and intention to change at (F11, 119) β= .51, t = 8.52 had positive prediction on health seeking behaviour at p<.05. Whereas perceived eating intentions at (F11, 119) β= -.35, t = -2.99, had negative prediction on health seeking behaviour at p<.05. These findings suggest that programs that focus on increasing awareness of perceived risks for cardiovascular disease risk should be organized with emphasizing on the importance of lifestyle changes and messages that foster health seeking behaviour.
perceived knowledge of cardiovascular disease
Health Seeking Behaviour in Omambala Area of Anambra State: The Predictive Role of Health Consciousness
The study determined the predictive role of health consciousness on health seeking behaviour in Omambala Area of Anambra State. A total number of 131 patients drawn from Omambala Area (Umueri General Hospital and Immaculate Heart Multispecialty Hospital, Aguleri) Anambra East Local Government Area, were used in the study. The study utilized non-probability (purposive sampling technique) in selecting the hospitals and participants. The participants’ age ranged from 45 to 79 years with mean age of 64.08 and standard deviation of 9.66. Gender data revealed that 33(25.2%) were males and 98(74.8%) were females. New Health Consciousness Scale and Health Seeking Behaviour scale were employed for the study. The study adopted a correlational design and Multiple Linear Regression statistics. Results showed that health consciousness (self-consciousness, health value, health information, physical health orientation, mental health orientation, health motivation, health knowledge, and health responsibility) and perceived knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk (Perceived risk to heart attack/stroke, perceived benefit and intention to change and perceived eating intention) accounted for 76.2% of the health seeking behaviour, with R2 = .762, adjusted R2=.740, (F11, 119) = 34.70, p<.05. Health consciousness dimensions such as self-consciousness at (F11, 119) β= .54, t = 6.04, health knowledge at (F11, 119) β=.34, t = 3.62, health information seeking at (F11, 119) β=.32, t = 3.40, physical health orientation at (F11, 119) β= .58, t = 4.89, and health responsibility at (F11, 119) β= .66, t = 5.80, had positive prediction on health seeking behaviour at p<.05. Conversely, health value at (F11, 119) β=.05, t = .82, mental health orientation at (F11, 119) β= .06, t =.68, and health motivation at (F11, 119) β=.12, t = 1.26, had no prediction on health seeking behaviour at p>.05. These findings suggest that experts like psychologists and medical practitioners should educate people on health consciousness and risk associated with cardiovascular disease. This, if properly done will encourage people to seek medical attention and checkup if they experience any health related symptoms.
Cognitive Styles as Predictors of Somatic Symptoms Among Government Retirees in Enugu State
The study explored cognitive styles as predictors of somatic symptoms among government retirees in Enugu State. A total of 376 participants were drawn from the population of retired civil servants from the Nigeria Union of Pensioners (NUP) Enugu State. They comprised of 208 men and 168 women with the age range of 56 to 82 years with mean = 73.59 and Standard deviation = 5.72. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8; Gierk et al., 2014); Cognitive Styles Questionnaire (CSQ; Ancona et al, 1997) were used as research instruments. Correlation design was adopted while Hierarchical Multiple Regression statistics. Results showed that judging cognitive style negatively predicted somatic symptoms (β = -.19, t = -3.27 p<.01) while perceiving cognitive style positively predicted somatic symptoms (β = .20, t = 4.00, p<.01). The outcome of the study not only contribute to academic discourse but also has practical implications for enhancing the well-being of retirees in Enugu State through tailored support systems that consider individuals psychological characteristics.
Social Relationship and Personality Traits as Correlates of Suicide Risk in Young Adults
This study investigated social relationship and personality traits as correlates to suicide risk in young adults. Fifty (50) participants whose ages ranged from 19 to 30 years, selected from Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Enugu State were sampled for the study. Suicide risk questionnaires, Big Five Inventory (BFI), Personality traits and social connectedness questionnaires were used for the study. The result showed that social relationship is negatively significantly correlated with suicidal risk, (r (50 = .36, p < .05). Of all the personality dimensions, only neuroticism showed a positive relationship with suicidal risk at significant level of (r (50) - .56, p < .01). Other personality traits (dimensions) showed negative but not significant correlation with suicidal risk, extraversion (r 50 = -.185, p > .05), aggreeableness (r (50) = -.229, p > .0>5). Conscientiousness (r (50) = -187, p > .05) and openness (r (50) = -.25, p > .05). Based on the findings of the study the researcher recommended that family and peer support will boster self efficacy in overcoming vulnerabilities to suicidal ideation and suicide during emerging adulthood.
Community Sentencing Approaches as Alternatives to Incarceration in Nigeria
The Nigerian correctional service is grappling with the issue of overcrowding which often makes the control of violence inside prison a difficult task. An overcrowded correctional centre creates a dangerous environment, health hazards and makes it impossible to deliver the defined minimum standards of detention and a near failure to reformation, rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders. Failure of penal institutions to fulfil their correctional obligations has called for action for the criminal justice agencies to make less use of incarceration, develop alternatives, limit pre-trial detention, and treat rather than punish offenders and ensure fairness for all. Incarceration has also shown to be counterproductive in the reduction of recidivism and reintegration of offenders. Reformers therefore seek to reduce penal populations and make increased use of alternatives that are aimed at rehabilitation and reintegration. This is a theoretical paper which examined community sentencing approaches as alternatives to incarceration. The rehabilitative and reparative theories provided theoretical anchorage. The paper showed that community sentencing approaches fulfils all statutory purposes of sentencing, rehabilitates offenders and prepare them for reintegration into the society. The paper concludes that community sentencing approaches are pivotal for the treatment of offenders, provide services to the community and reduce burden on the government and recommends that the Nigerian Correctional Service develop a positive attitude towards non-custodial sentencing and execute further reforms for community sentencing approaches.
Meaningful Work Experience among Private Sector Employees in Anambra State
This study examined the predictive influence of organizational creativity, work-life balance, and firm transparency on meaningful work experiences among commercial bank employees in Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of 303 commercial bank employees (91 males and 212 females) participated in the study. The participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique to ensure representation across different banks and job levels. To collect data, Work and Meaning Inventory, Organizational Creativity Scale, Work-Life Balance Scale and Firm Transparency Scale were individually administered to the participants. Findings revealed that organizational creativity, work-life balance, and firm transparency significantly predicted meaningful work experience. Furthermore, when examined collectively, these factors demonstrated a stronger joint predictive relationship with meaningful work experience. It was recommended that management and stakeholders should implement policies that prioritize employee creativity, promote work-life balance, and maintain open communication practices to promote meaningful work experience and enhance employees’ job fulfilment and productivity.
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Moderating Role of Locus of Control on the Relationships between Grit and Test Anxiety among Undergraduates in Public Universities in Anambra State, Nigeria
This study investigated the moderating role of locus of control on the relationship between grit and test anxiety among undergraduates in public universities in Anambra State, Nigeria. Total of 381 undergraduates selected through simple random sampling and accidental sampling from Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka and Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu university, igbariam served as participants. The sample comprised 134 males and 247 females, aged 18–37 years (M = 24.14, SD = 5.77). Standardized measures were utilized, including the Grit Scale (assessing perseverance and passion for long-term goals), the Test Anxiety Inventory (evaluating test anxiety levels), and Rotter's Locus of Control Scale (determining internal versus external orientation). A correlational research design was employed, and Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to test the study hypotheses. The findings revealed that grit negatively correlated with students’ test anxiety at (F2, 378), β= -.22, p<.01. Internal locus of control did not moderate the relationship between grit and test anxiety at (F6, 374), β= .02, p>.05. External locus of control moderated the relationship between grit and test anxiety at (F6, 374), β= .25, p<.01. These results highlighted the critical role of locus of control in shaping how grit influenced test anxiety. The study emphasized the need for interventions to develop grit while fostering locus of control to reduce test anxiety among students. Implications for educational practices, counselling strategies, and future research are discussed.
The Place of Artificial Intelligence in Journalism Practice
Journalism practice has witnessed eras and paradigm shifts as far back as humanity has existed, and these eras are characterized by changes in journalism practice and landscape. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into journalism practice is relatively new in Nigeria, particularly in Anambra State, where technological advancements seem to be growing. Thus, the current study investigated the place of artificial intelligence in journalism practice among journalists in Anambra State. The study was grounded in Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Technological Determinism Theory. The study adopted the mixed methods research design integrating both survey and in-depth interview. The study adopted census sampling technique in selecting all 265 registered practicing journalists in Anambra State. Both descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to analyse the quantitative and qualitative data collected for the study respectively. The study found that journalists in the state possess substantial knowledge about AI and its application in journalism. The study also found that hindrance to AI integration in journalism include resistance to new technology, lack of requisite ICT knowledge and lack of finance. The study concluded that despite significant knowledge about AI's potential for enhancing news production, fact-checking, and personalized content delivery by journalists, barriers such as financial constraints, technological resistance, and inadequate ICT skills hinder its full adoption. The study thus recommends among others that media houses across Nigeria, with guidance from the National Broadcasting Commission, should implement policies that support the gradual shift toward technologically driven broadcasting.
Assessment of Gender Inequality and Disparity in Remunerations of Employees in Nigeria Civil Service
This study assessed gender inequality and disparity in the remunerations of employees in Nigerian Civil Service: a study of Anambra State Board of Internal Revenue, Awka. The study objectives also examined prevalence, causes, effects and ways through which gender inequality and disparity in the remuneration of employees can be curtailed. Four theories were reviewed namely undervaluation theory, theory of sexism, relative deprivation theory and Marxian theory. The study adopted two theories as the theoretical framework namely undervaluation and relative deprivation theories. The study used mixed methods research design for data collection and analysis. A sample size of 204 respondents was used. The quantitative data collected were processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, simple percentages, and charts, while the qualitative data were analyzed using Nvivo (Version 2.0) software. Two hypotheses were tested using the Chi–square (X2) test statistics. Results found amongst other things, that causes of gender disparity among male and female workers include lack of required skill sets, level of education, family background, place of residence, age and scarcity of job opportunities which often force female employees to accept low paying jobs. Effects of gender disparity on employees in Anambra State Board of Internal Revenue include low productivity, workplace accidents, depression, toxic work environment, and poor living conditions. The study therefore recommends among other things, that there is need for a more robust awareness creation on the dangers of gender inequality, payment disparity and discrimination in the workplace.
Determinants and Consequences of Cultism amongst the Undergraduates of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
This study investigated determinants and consequences of cultism amongst students in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The study objectives looked at prevalence, determinants, consequences, and ways to eradicate cultism among students. Four theories were examined namely differential association theory, opportunist theory, strain theory and social control theory. The study adopted two theories as the theoretical framework namely differential association theory and the opportunist theory. Mixed methods research design was used. The target population was 24,706 regular students aged 16 years and above schooling in NAU Awka. The study sampled 202 respondents. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used. The quantitative data collected were processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as simple percentages and frequency counts while the qualitative data were analyzed using thematic method of data analysis. Two hypotheses were tested using Chi–square (X2) test statistic. Findings indicated that there is moderate prevalence of cultism in NAU Awka. Data analysed showed that major determinants of cultism include peer pressure, revenge, poor parenting, drug abuse and poverty. The study confirmed that students who engage in cultism are likely to experience poor academic performance, loss of lives and valuables, disruption of academic activities, and closure of small-scale businesses within the school premises. Based on these findings, it was recommended amongst others that the management of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka should create adequate awareness on the dangers of cultism on the lives of undergraduates. Also, government and nongovernmental agencies should step up their campaigns against cultism because of its destructive tendencies in our universities and the general society.
Prevailing Effects of Narcotic Abuse Among Undergraduate Students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
This study investigated prevailing effects of narcotic abuse among undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria. The study objectives included prevalence of narcotic abuse, causes of narcotic abuse amongst undergraduates, effects of narcotic abuse among undergraduates and ways of curtailing narcotic abuse. Three theories were examined namely psychological theory of crime, differential association theory and strain theory. Differential association theory was adopted as the theoretical framework. The study adopted the mixed methods research design. The target population was 24,706 regular undergraduates, aged 18 years and above studying in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The study sampled 204 respondents. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used. Multi-stage involves the use of purposive sampling (i.e. non-probability sampling method) and other successive types of probability sampling method in selecting the respondents. The quantitative data collected were processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as simple percentages, frequency counts and graphic illustrations while the qualitative data were analyzed using thematic method of data analysis. Two hypotheses were tested using Chi–square (X2) test statistics. Findings indicated that there is high prevalence of narcotic abuse among students of NAU. Majority of the respondents engage in abuse of narcotics such as marijuana, heroin, and morphine/opium. Data analyzed showed that the causes of narcotic abuse among students include peer group pressure, negative family experience, broken home, cultism, availability of narcotics in the neighbourhood and boosting self-confidence. The study confirmed that undergraduates, who engage in narcotic abuse are likely to experience poor academic performance, consent to unsafe sex due to influence of narcotic, examination malpractice bullies, etc. Based on these findings, it was recommended amongst others that awareness creation on the dangers of consuming narcotic substances should be organized. Also, undergraduates of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka should sign an undertaken not to do drugs.
Psychosocial Determinants of Antisocial Behaviours Among Incarcerated Inmates at a Medium Security Correctional Facility in Northeastern Nigeria
The study investigated adverse childhood experiences and cannabis use as determinants of antisocial behaviours of inmates at a medium security prison in north-east, Nigeria. The motivation for the study was due to observed paucity of empirical research on antisocial behaviours and associated risks among inmates in the area, despite anecdotal evidence of persistent involvement of youths in violent and destructive behaviours that violates social norms and expectations. Correlational survey research design was adopted for the study. A sample of 123 inmates were recruited at a Medium Correctional Centre, Biu, through simple random sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using multiple and Linear regression analysis to answer the research questions. Findings of the study revealed that adverse childhood experiences, particularly early experience of parental neglect and sexual abuse predicted future antisocial behaviours. Also, cannabis use among inmates and its interaction with traumatic experiences predicted greater problems. The implication of this result is that early exposure to adverse traumatic events and subsequent involvement in drug use may lead to antisocial behaviours, significantly resulting to security threats and spurt in incarceration with other attendant consequences. Thus, it was recommended, among others, that parents and other stakeholders should provide early support to children who are victims of neglect and sexual abuse to prevent future development of antisocial behaviours and security problems in the northeast region.
Determinants of Gender Inequalities affecting Women’s Participation in Higher Educational Institutions in Maiduguri
This study assessed the determinants of gender inequalities affecting women’s participation in higher educational institutions in Maiduguri. The study aimed at determining prevailing gender inequalities faced by women participating in higher education, the factors, and efforts of empowerment strategies to address these inequalities. The study was anchored on the patriarchal theory of state and adopted mixed method design of qualitative and quantitative. Systematic sampling technique was used to select 295 respondents using structured questionnaire design. The data was collected, transcribed, and analysed using statistical package for social sciences. The study revealed that cultural bias against women prevented their appointment to top administrative leadership positions in higher educational institutions. The findings of this study also revealed patriarchal beliefs against women’s position in the society placed them as recipient of persistent inequality practices. The study also revealed that empowerment strategies like education are other measures that can be used to address inequality practices against women. The study recommends improved government efforts at enforcing policies and prosecution of human right violation to achieve human right of women in the society. The study also recommends mainstreaming gender perspectives in higher educational institutions.
Perception and Responsiveness of Broadcast Media Campaign on Family Planning Methods among Resident Married Men in Anambra North Senatorial District
The process of planning and deciding the time to have children, generally referred to as family planning, has been viewed by many as a foreign contraption and not meant for the African man. This, therefore necessitated the study to investigate the perception and responsiveness of married men on broadcast media campaign on family planning methods among Anambra North residents of Anambra State. The study adopted the theory of reasoned action (TRA). A descriptive survey research design was adopted. Research questions were raised to guide the study. The population of the study was 1,496,000 (One Million Four Hundred and Ninety-Six Thousand) persons made up of married men from Anambra North Senatorial Zone of Anambra, Nigeria. A multi-staged random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. A sample size of 400 was gotten using the Taro-Yamani formula. The instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using frequency and percentage. The study revealed that married men’s awareness about family planning is high, perception of men towards some family planning measures is positive though felt it’s a woman’s thing. The study therefore recommended among others, that the government and civil societies partner to reach out to traditional rulers and community chiefs to conduct health orientation programmes in various communities in Anambra North on repositioning and importance of family planning.
Job Crafting Behaviour among Public Sector Employees
Job crafting has been introduced to describe how employees adapt their jobs to their preferences and needs. This has gained significant attention in the organizational behaviour literature. Based on the, this study examined the predictive effect of psychological flexibility and career sense of calling on public servants’ job crafting behaviour. A cross-sectional design and quantitative approach for data collection were utilized. Convenience sampling was utilized for selecting 200 university administrative employees from Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. The participants comprised 89 males and 111 females with a mean age of 37.84 years (SD= ±9.96). Standardized self-report measures of psychological flexibility, career sense of calling, and job crafting behaviour scales were used for collecting data from the participants while regression analysis was used for testing the hypotheses via the IBM-SPSS Statistics v25. The results indicated that psychological flexibility (B= .40, t[200] = 11.38, p< .05) and career sense of calling (B= .28, t[200] = 7.55,p< .05) significantly predict job crafting behaviour. The combined effect of psychological flexibility and career sense of calling was also significant. The results of the study highlighted the importance of psychological flexibility and career sense of calling in predicting job crafting behaviour among university administrative employees. It was recommended that organisations should engage (during the recruitment stage) employees with a higher sense of calling for the job, recruited and trained as this has positive implications for job crafting.
ROLE OF SELF- CONCEPT AND GENDER IN INTELLECTUAL ACHIEVEMENT RESPONSIBILITY
This study investigated the role of self-concept and gender on intellectual achievement responsibility. 164 senior secondary school students (SSII), 87 girls and 77boys with an average age of 16 years participated in the study. Self-Description Questionnaire short version SDQII-S by Marsh (1990) was used to measure self- concept, while the intellectual achievement responsibility questionnaire (IAR) Crandall et.al.,1965 which was adapted in Nigeria by Eyo (2005) was used to measure intellectual achievement responsibility. ANOVA statistics was used to test the hypothesis that there will be no significant self-concept and gender difference in Intellectual achievement responsibility. The results indicated that those with high self-concept scored higher in their intellectual achievement responsibility compared to those with low self-concept (F=4.95, P=<.05). Gender was not found to be significant. Discussion highlighted the necessity of encouraging self-concept enhancement scheme in school and families and the need to understand school children's intellectual achievement responsibility.
PSYCHOLOGICAL STRATEGIES FOR CURBING CORRUPTION IN NIGERIAN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS FOR YOUTH DEVELOPMENT
This paper looked at the phenomenon of corruption in Nigeria particularly in institutions of learning. It x-rayed its manifestation and devastating effects on the youths in particular and the nation at large. It suggested psychological approaches to combating corruption in Nigeria in order to forestall youth underdevelopment or impoverishment.
ALIENATION AND SUICIDAL TENDENCIES AMONG LEPROSY PATIENTS IN ANAMBRA STATE
This study focused on psychosocial problems facing leprosy patients in Anambra State with emphasis on alienation and suicidal tendencies. Questionnaire containing 17 close ended and 3 open ended items was administered on 34 patients at Okija and Nnewi Leprosy Clinics which were purposively selected for the study. Frequency tables and simple percentages were used for analysis. It wasfound that patients encounter stigmatization, alienation, segregation, low self-esteem, self-destructive tendencies and other forms of psychosocial morbidity and dysfunctions. The level of alienation and contemplations of suicide was relatively high. It was recommended that Psychologists and Sociologists who have expertise to understand and respond to these problems should be part of leprosy control teams. Patients, their families and the community should also be properly informed about leprosy in order to improve their understanding of the disease, stimulate appropriate coping responses and improve efficiency of leprosy control programme in the State.
LEADERSHIP STYLE AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AS PREDICTORS OF WORKERS' EFFECTIVENESS
The study examined the influences of leadership style and organizational culture on workers' effectiveness using one hundred and twenty (120) participants’ drawn from two (2) organizations (1 public and 1 private) in Awka, the capital city of Anambra state, Nigeria. The responses derived from the participants were subjected to 2-way- ANOVA statistics. The results of the analysis revealed a significant main effect for leadership style, F (1,116) = 6.67 at P<.05 with (M = 80.85, SD = 55.52), which confirms hypothesis one. Also, a significant main effect exist for organizational culture, F (1.116) = 1790.00 at P<.05 with (M = 80.85, SD = 12.34), which confirms hypothesis two. The results have implications for managing modern work organizations.
THE IMPACT OF REVENUE ELASTICITY OF VALUE ADDED TAX IN NIGERIA
The Objectives of this work is to find out the extent to which value added tax (VAT) has succeeded over sale tax in bolstering government revenue and also the revenue elasticity of VAT This was achieved by determining the nature of relationship between the VAT and government revenue, and the amount of revenue collected through VAT over the years under study. Regression analysis was used and it was found out that elasticity of VAT is greater than unity. Meaning that 1 percent increase in value added increases total revenue by 1.264 percent. The t-test and F-test also proved that VAT has a positive and significant contribution to total revenue. It was observed that company profit tax and customs and exercise duties have negative coefficients which show that their contribution to government revenue has been on the decrease. It was also observed that the negative coefficient psychologically affect the consumption expenditure of individuals and household. This lead to the recommendation that government should review the policies on trade in order to ensure positive contribution to total tax revenue.
The study investigated the suitability of the draw-a-person test as a measure of children's intellectual ability. A total of 3000 students from Owerri aged 6-15 years participated in the study. From these 200 participants representing equal number of male and females were drawn through systematic random sampling for analysis. A co-relational design ~vas employed to test the hypothesis. The result of this study showed that there was significant relationship between academic performance and draw a person test of the pupils. The implications of using a draw a person quotient as a test of intelligence among children were discussed.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA: NATURE, AND SECURITY IMPLICATIONS
This paper conceptualizes security as involving all activities that are put in place to check adverse forces that threaten the well-being of lives and property, or all activities involved ill ensuring that citizens feel happy, and safe from danger and worry. It explored psychological trauma, pointing out [he aetiological factors, the course and outcomes. Individual differences in people's reaction to traumatic events were explained using cognitive theory, personality traits and availability or otherwise of adequate social support, while the relationship between National security and psychological trauma was established using the social learning theory, the motivational theory, the locus of control orientation and attribution theory. The paper concludes that the current wave of crime and law breaking in Nigeria can be drastically curtailed if traumatized people are healed and traumatogenic activities are checked.
MOTIVATING PERFORMANCE THROUGH JOB DESIGN AND GOAL SETTING: A THEORETICAL OVERVIEW
What is the difference between a garbage collector and waste management agent? Isn't it all about collecting rubbish? Yet, most people would agree that there are more motivational qualities attached to being a waste management agent! Yes, even in the disposal of waste, perceptions, goals, expectations and frames of reference differ across different designs (or packaging) of essentially the same job. Can the design of a job and the setting of goals really motivate performance? We are convinced they can and the aim of this paper is to show you how.